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The Art of China
Reseached by Cynthia
Have you ever seen paper decorating ladies hair? Well, China has an art form called papercuts that does just that. Chinese civilization began more than 4000 years ago. The earliest art forms would use rock and stone for art because they didn’t know to use metal yet. Later there was the Bronze Age, Stone Age, Neolithic or New Stone Age. There were many different dynasties like the T’ang Dynasty, Zhou Dynasty, and the Qin Dynasty were a few dynasties.
Influence
Chinese arts are influenced by three major religions: Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism. Another major influence was nature. The three major kinds of subject they liked to paint were birds, flowers, and landscapes from the countryside. All the religions stress love for nature. All landscape painters tried to get a feeling of the human spirit and the strength of the wind, water, mist and mountains. Painting became an art form more than 2000 years ago then influenced the later painters.
Art Forms
Chinese arts come in many different forms such as: painting, folk arts, silk, calligraphy, pottery, sculpture, metal arts and papercuts. Chinese papercuts were created around the first century in A.D. The Chinese invented paper, which was very important for papercuts. It first started in the Tang Dynasty. People then would hang them up to decorate windows, houses, clothes and even ladies hair. In these thin and fragile papercuts, they would create animals, aerobics, Buddha, opera faces and other subjects.
Sculptures were made of many different materials: stone, jade, lacquer, wood, metal, clay, etc. They weren’t only for admiring but they were used as everyday items like a wine bucket, mirrors, pottery, and pendants. A famous example is the sculptures of the Terra cotta warriors. They were buried with the body of an emperor to protect the emperor in his afterlife.
Paintings became an art form more than 2000 years ago. The Chinese painted emperors, landscape and zodiac animals, flowers, ladies, and birds. Chinese have three thousand years of history of painting starting from 600 A.D T’ang dynasty to the 20th century
Process and Material
The Chinese used many materials such as medal, bronze, lacquer, jade, clay, silk, and cloth. They made the most flexible of material…paper. Chinese people used jade to make mirrors and clay and stone to make pottery and statues. At a ceremony they would use bronze to make wine vessels in animal shapes. The process of a statue in a human figure is molded separately. The front and back has to be made split. Then the two sides would be put together.
Subject and Style
Chinese arts cover a very broad range of subjects. In papercuts they like to cut Buddhas, opera faces, animals, flowers, children, and aerobics. Sometimes in their painting they would use black and white, having one object with each color. One of their favorite subjects was nature. They believed that the spirit of nature gives life to everything, so if painting nature the painter must capture the feeling of nature. Zodiac animals, landscapes, opera faces, figure painting, mountains, and cranes, which were a symbol for long life, were popular subjects for their paintings. Emperors and their court was an another important subject for painting.
Chinese art began more than 4000 years ago. We still appreciate the hard work artists did back then. We visit the museum to look at the magnificent artwork done long ago. The Chinese culture hasn’t changed much, but their art is prized in museums around the world.
艺术中国
Reseached by Cynthia reseached由辛西娅
Have you ever seen paper decorating ladies hair? 你见过纸装点女士们的头发？ Well, China has an art form called papercuts that does just that. 那么，中国有一种艺术形式，所谓papercuts但这只是。 Chinese civilization began more than 4000 years ago. 中华文明始于4000多年前。 The earliest art forms would use rock and stone for art because they didn’t know to use metal yet. 最早的艺术形式，将利用岩石和石头艺术，因为他们不知道使用金属。 Later there was the Bronze Age, Stone Age, Neolithic or New Stone Age. 后来有青铜器时代，石器时代 ， 新石器时代或新的石器时代。 There were many different dynasties like the T’ang Dynasty, Zhou Dynasty, and the Qin Dynasty were a few dynasties. 有很多不同的朝代，如唐朝，周人，秦人的几个朝代。
Influence 影响力
Chinese arts are influenced by three major religions: Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism. 中国艺术受到三大宗教：儒教，道教和佛教。 Another major influence was nature. 另一个重大影响是本质。 The three major kinds of subject they liked to paint were birds, flowers, and landscapes from the countryside. 三大各类主体，他们喜欢把油漆的鸟类，花卉和景观，从乡下。 All the religions stress love for nature. 各教应力热爱大自然。 All landscape painters tried to get a feeling of the human spirit and the strength of the wind, water, mist and mountains. 所有山水画尝试的一种感觉，人的精神和力量的风，水，薄雾和山区。 Painting became an art form more than 2000 years ago then influenced the later painters. 绘画成为一种艺术形式，两千多年前的影响，那么，后来的画家。
Art Forms 艺术形式
Chinese arts come in many different forms such as: painting, folk arts, silk, calligraphy, pottery, sculpture, metal arts and papercuts. 中国艺术来，在许多不同的形式，如：绘画，民间艺术，丝绸，书法，陶艺，雕塑，金属艺术和papercuts 。 Chinese papercuts were created around the first century in AD The Chinese invented paper, which was very important for papercuts. 中文papercuts创造了大约一世纪，在专案，中国发明了纸，这是很重要的papercuts 。 It first started in the Tang Dynasty. 它首先发端于唐代。 People then would hang them up to decorate windows, houses, clothes and even ladies hair. 于是人们将挂在了装饰窗户，房子 ， 衣服 ， 甚至是女士们的头发。 In these thin and fragile papercuts, they would create animals, aerobics, Buddha, opera faces and other subjects. 在这些薄和脆弱papercuts ，会造成动物，健美操，佛像，戏曲面临着与其它学科。
Sculptures were made of many different materials: stone, jade, lacquer, wood, metal, clay, etc. They weren’t only for admiring but they were used as everyday items like a wine bucket, mirrors, pottery, and pendants. 雕塑作了许多不同的材料：石器，玉器，漆器，木，金属，粘土等，他们不但为钦佩，但他们被用来作为日常的项目，如葡萄酒水桶，镜子，陶器及锦旗。 A famous example is the sculptures of the Terra cotta warriors. 一个著名的例子是雕塑的兵马俑。 They were buried with the body of an emperor to protect the emperor in his afterlife. 他们被埋葬与身体的是一个皇帝，以保护皇帝，在他的来世。
Paintings became an art form more than 2000 years ago. 绘画成为一种艺术形式，两千多年前。 The Chinese painted emperors, landscape and zodiac animals, flowers, ladies, and birds. 中国画的皇帝，景观和生肖，花卉，女士们，和鸟。 Chinese have three thousand years of history of painting starting from 600 AD T’ang dynasty to the 20 th century 中国有三千年的历史，绘画出发，从600专案唐代到20世纪
Process and Material 工艺和材料
The Chinese used many materials such as medal, bronze, lacquer, jade, clay, silk, and cloth. 中国人使用了许多材料，如勋章，铜，漆器，玉器，陶土，丝绸和布匹。 They made the most flexible of material…paper. 他们作出了最灵活的材料…文件。 Chinese people used jade to make mirrors and clay and stone to make pottery and statues. 中国人用玉，使镜子和粘土和石料，使陶器和雕像。 At a ceremony they would use bronze to make wine vessels in animal shapes. 在一项仪式中，他们会用青铜作酒器在动物形状。 The process of a statue in a human figure is molded separately. 过程中的一尊塑像，在一个人的数字是模铸分开。 The front and back has to be made split. 正面与背面有需要作出分裂。 Then the two sides would be put together. 届时，双方将放在一起。
Subject and Style 主题和风格
Chinese arts cover a very broad range of subjects. 中国艺术涵盖的范围十分广泛的学科。 In papercuts they like to cut Buddhas, opera faces, animals, flowers, children, and aerobics. 在papercuts他们想削减佛像，歌剧的面孔，动物，花卉，儿童和健美操。 Sometimes in their painting they would use black and white, having one object with each color. 有时是在他们的画，他们会用黑色和白色，有一物体，每种颜色。 One of their favorite subjects was nature. 其中他们最喜欢的科目是自然。 They believed that the spirit of nature gives life to everything, so if painting nature the painter must capture the feeling of nature. 他们认为，这一精神是大自然赋予生命的一切，所以，如果画大自然，画家必须捕捉感觉的性质。 Zodiac animals, landscapes, opera faces, figure painting, mountains, and cranes, which were a symbol for long life, were popular subjects for their paintings. 生肖，山水，戏曲的面孔，人物画，山，和起重机，这是一个象征，长寿，很受科目为自己的画作。 Emperors and their court was an another important subject for painting. 皇帝和他们的法院是另一个重要课题，绘画。
Chinese art began more than 4000 years ago. 中国艺术始于4000多年前。 We still appreciate the hard work artists did back then. 我们仍然感谢辛勤工作的艺术家也不会回来了。 We visit the museum to look at the magnificent artwork done long ago. 我们参观博物馆，看宏伟的艺术品做不久。 The Chinese culture hasn’t changed much, but their art is prized in museums around the world. 中国文化并没有多大改变，但他们的艺术是珍贵的，在世界各地博物馆中。
（后面是一句英文一句翻译，5分钟要看自己的语速，适当截取）加油！！！
关于《鲁宾逊漂流
人物形象
鲁宾孙
性格容等长建问易里：鲁滨孙是一个充满劳动热情的人，伟大的人，坚毅的人。孤身一人在这荒无人烟的孤岛上生活了28年。面对人生困境，鲁滨孙的所作所为，显示了一个硬汉子的坚毅性格与英雄本色，体现了资产阶级上升时期的创造精神和开拓精神，态少仍内丝核稳善他敢于同恶劣的环境作斗争。 鲁滨孙又是个资产者和殖民者，因此具有剥削掠夺的本性。
星期五
试吧车容协概海性格：星期五是一个朴素的人，忠诚的朋友，智慧的勇者，孝顺的儿子。他知恩图报，忠诚有责任心附面夫飞基养氧，适应能力强，他和鲁滨逊合作着施展不同的二著原即妈技能在岛上度过了多年 。
丹尼尔穿·笛福（Daniel Defoe，1660-雨探正映周错包至关什内1731），英国小说家，新闻记者。他在西方文学发展史上占据着一个特和试的如里打知件殊的位置，被称为质“现代小说之父”。其作品主要为个人通过努力，靠自己的智慧和勇敢战胜困难。18世纪，长篇小说兴起，笛福作为西方新兴资产阶级的代言人，他的创作开辟了以写实为风格，追求逼真效果的现代长篇还斗款小说发展的道路。他的小说情节曲折，采用自述方式，可读性强。并表现了当时追茶洲求冒险，倡导个人奋斗的社会风气。自14至15世纪新航路开辟以来，航海成为每各青年人都抱有的一种理想，其代表作《鲁滨孙漂流记》闻名于世，鲁滨孙也成为与困难抗争的典型人物，因此他被视作英国小说的开创者之一。
