波提切利在臭名昭著的“虚
Bonfire of the V音教育注倍标anities (Italian: Falò delle vanità) refers to the burning of obje治段稳结老府概某沙cts that are deeme形记看超d to be occasions of sin. The most infamous one took place on 7 February 1497, when supporters 米我配攻兴四皇差比of the Dominican priest Girolamo Savonarolacollected and publicly burned thousands of objec费需搞源守南车圆支命ts like cosmetics, art, and books in Florence, Italy, on the Mardi Grasfestiva却又画候办收供l.[1] Such bonfires were not invented by Savonarola, h选owever. T英hey were a common accompa唱特武衡剂限钟niment to the outdoor sermons of San Bernardi元培高行仅喜七no di Siena in the first half of the century.
The focus of this destruction was nominally on object四s that might tempt one to sin, including vanity items such as mirrors, cosme齐居展由怀且湖善而控般tics, fine dresses, playing cards, and ev整走极意en musical i微阶星爱乙扩nstruments. Other targets inc级李luded books that were deemed to be immoral, s原福采uch as works by Boccaccio, and manuscripts of secular songs, as well as artworks, including paintings and sculpture.
Botticelli[edit]
Although it is widely reported that the Florentine artist Sandro Botticelli burned several of his paintings based on classical mythology in the great Florentine bonfire of 1492, the historical record on this is not clear. According to the art historian Giorgio Vasari, Botticelli was a partisan of Savonarola: "he was so ardent a partisan that he was thereby induced to desert his painting, and, having no income to live on, fell into very great distress." Writing several centuries later, Orestes Brownson, an apologist for Savonarola, mentions artwork only by Fra Bartolomeo, Lorenzo di Credi, and "many other painters," along with "several antique statues."[2] Art historian Rab Hatfield argues that one of Botticelli's paintings, The Mystical Nativity, is based on the sermon Savonarola delivered on Christmas Eve 1493.[3]
大意就是类似于文艺复兴初期的宗教领袖类似于“焚书坑儒”之类的,波提切利把自己的作品给烧了,但从最后一段来看这种说法存在争议。看到这个问题浏览量有近1600次,所以搜了一下,上面是维基百科的解释。所有(真的是“所有”,意味着“没有不”)中文网页解释“虚荣的篝火”一词都抄的百度百科,真是悲哀。
桑德罗.波提切利真正的名字叫什么?
希望你能采纳我的回答因肢汪为我为了你的问题发了很多精力,谢谢!!!!
桑德罗·波提切利(Sandro Botticelli,圆饥返生于1445年3月1日,死于1510年5月17日),原名亚里山德罗·菲力佩皮(Alessandro Filipepi)。他是欧洲文艺复兴早期佛罗伦萨画派的最后一位画家。
波提切利出生于意大利佛罗伦萨的一个中产阶级家庭,“波提切利”是他的绰号,意为“小桶”。从小酷爱绘画的他最早被做皮革工匠的父亲送去一家金银作坊里做学徒,但后遵从他本人的意愿,将他送到菲力浦·利比的画室学习绘画。利比继承了晚期哥特式的手法,其对三维立体事物的把握、对细微人物脸部表情的表现和对细节的重视都对波提切利日后的绘画风格造成了深远影响。此外,波拉约洛兄弟的雕塑作品也对波提切利产生过影响。之后他又师从韦罗基奥,有一个比他小7岁的橘饥同学叫做莱奥纳多·达·芬奇。1470年,他自立门户,开设个人绘画工作室,很快就受到美第奇家族的赏识,向他订购了大量的画作。与强大的美第奇家族保持着良好的关系也使画家获得政治上的保护,并享有有利的绘画条件。此外也是通过这一层关系,波提切利得以接触到佛罗伦萨上流社会和文艺界名流,接触各方面多种的知识,开拓了视野,并为他的艺术打下精雕细琢、富丽堂皇、华美多采的贵族印记。
在美第奇家族掌权期间,波提切利为他们做了多幅名画,声名大噪。1477年他以诗人波利蒂安歌颂爱神维纳斯的长诗为主题,为罗伦佐·美第奇新购置的别墅绘制了著名的《春》。这幅画已经和《维纳斯的诞生》一起,成为波提切利一生中最著名的两幅画作。在这幅画中,波提切利运用自己丰富的想象力对古代神话故事重新演绎,人物线条流畅,色彩明亮灿烂,却又在充满着欢乐祥和的气氛中,带有一丝忧愁。1485年完成的《维纳斯的诞生》是波提切利的另一幅杰作,表现的是希腊神话中代表爱与美的女神维纳斯从大海中诞生的场景,这幅画的绘画风格在当时颇为与众不同,不强调明暗法来表现人体造型,而更强调轮廓线,使得人体有浅浮雕的感觉,而且极适合装饰作用。画面中的女神肌肤洁白,金色的长发飘逸,无愧为是完美的化身;但脸上却又挂有淡淡的忧愁、迷惘和困惑。
另一幅为世人所熟知的画作是他的《三博士来朝》。 这幅画为他在整个欧洲赢得了声誉,并也因此于1481年7月被教皇召唤到罗马,为西斯廷礼拜堂作壁画。
然而,社会政治形势多变,1492年,佛罗伦萨发生政治巨变,罗伦佐去世,美第奇家族遭放逐,宗教极端主义的萨沃纳罗拉掌权。波提切利也是他的追随者之一,并曾在臭名昭著的“虚荣的篝火”中烧毁过多幅自己的画作。或许是因为这个原因,波提切利的后半生声名下滑,晚年贫困潦倒,只能靠救济度日。在生命的最后几年,他不问世事,孤苦伶仃。1510年,波提切利死于贫困和寂寞之中,安葬于佛罗伦萨的“全体圣徒”教堂墓地。